United States immigration law
allows for the immigration of aliens to the United States
based on their relationship to a United States
citizen or a
green card holder (legal permanent resident). United States
citizens and
green card holders (lawful permanent residents) are
entitled to file an
immigrant petition for his or her
qualifying relative to immigrate to the United States. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services
issues visas or
green cards (grants lawful permanent resident status)
upon approval of
immigrant petition filed by
qualifying family member. After the petition is approved, the
visa may be issued in as little as
90 days or as long as
25 years, depending upon which of the
categories apply, and depending on whether the
category is subject to the annual cap. However,
not all family relationships entitle immigrants to move to the United States. For more detailed information please visit our
Family Immigration Page.
United States Citizens
may sponsor the
following family members (
categories) to migrate to the United States
immediately:
- Husband, wife, or child under the age of 21* (immediate relative category – no annual cap)
- A parent if the United States citizen child is at least 21 years of age (immediate relative category – no annual cap)
United States Citizens
may sponsor the
following family members (
categories) to migrate to the United States under an annual cap (categories of aliens who have to wait in the
visa que for his or hers priority date*):
- An unmarried child over the age of 21 and his or her children (first preference category – limited by annual cap)**
- Married child of any age and his or her spouse and children (third preference category – limited by annual cap)
- Brother or sister of a United States citizen whose age is over 21 years old and the brother’s or sister’s spouses and children (fourth preference category – limited by annual cap)
Green card holder (lawful permanent residents)
may sponsor the
following family members (
categories) to migrate to the United States under an annual cap (categories of aliens who have to wait in the
visa que for his or hers priority date*):
- Husband or wife, and unmarried children under the age of 21* (second preference A category – limited by annual cap)
- Unmarried child over the age of 21 (second preference B category – limited by annual cap)**
For a
current list of priority dates,
see the United States Department of State’s current
Visa Bulletin.
* The
priority date is used to determine an immigrant’s
place in the visa queue. When the
priority date becomes available (current) the immigrant
may be able to apply for a visa or adjustment of status and obtain
green card (lawful permanent resident status) in the United States.
** Under the Child Status Protection Act, Immediate relative
children’s age is frozen on the date that
Form I-130 was successfully filed. Thus, if the child was u
nder the age of 21 at the time the petition was filed, he or she is protected by Child Status Protection Act
from aging out of his or her category (becoming older than 21). However, the
child must remain unmarried in order
to qualify.